電壓不穩與電流不穩有什么區別
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來源：互聯網發布(bu)日期：2019-07-31 10:49
一般情況(kuang)，針對供(gong)(gong)電電源的(de)話，電壓(ya)不(bu)穩(wen)，是說(shuo)的(de)公共網側，出現(xian)這類(lei)問(wen)題，主要是電網供(gong)(gong)電容(rong)量太(tai)(tai)(tai)小(xiao)了(或(huo)者說(shuo)負(fu)荷太(tai)(tai)(tai)重(zhong)了)，需要增容(rong)。而供(gong)(gong)電電網的(de)電壓(ya)沒問(wen)題，負(fu)載電流(liu)不(bu)穩(wen)，說(shuo)明你的(de)設備帶載能力太(tai)(tai)(tai)小(xiao)了，或(huo)者說(shuo)負(fu)載太(tai)(tai)(tai)重(zhong)了。
引起電(dian)壓不(bu)穩定(ding)的原因及解決辦法
按供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)節點(dian)來看(kan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)波動(dong)可分為高壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)波動(dong)和低壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)波動(dong)。高壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)波動(dong)又可分為進線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源處電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不穩定(ding)(ding)和高壓(ya)(ya)母線上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不穩定(ding)(ding)。
1.進線電(dian)源處電(dian)壓不(bu)穩定原因分(fen)析
原(yuan)因之一(yi)是上一(yi)級電(dian)源質量不高。解(jie)(jie)決方法是更換電(dian)源或在上一(yi)級負荷(he)處重新架設(she)一(yi)條供電(dian)線路。原(yuan)因之二是傳(chuan)輸過程中(進線電(dian)纜(lan))存在問題(ti)。解(jie)(jie)決方法是檢查是否存在電(dian)纜(lan)破(po)損、電(dian)纜(lan)質量、電(dian)纜(lan)選型不正確的情況，有(you)針對性地加以(yi)改善(shan)。
2.高壓母線上電壓不穩(wen)定原因分析
原因之一(yi)是(shi)變(bian)壓器(qi)三相空載導致(zhi)高壓側母線電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不穩(wen)定(ding)。解(jie)決方法是(shi)重新計(ji)算變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)負(fu)載率，更換更大一(yi)級容量的(de)(de)變(bian)壓器(qi)。原因之二是(shi)在變(bian)壓器(qi)負(fu)載時(shi)，大功(gong)率設備(bei)(bei)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網造成高壓側母線電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不穩(wen)定(ding)。解(jie)決方法如(ru)下 一(yi)是(shi)對大功(gong)率設備(bei)(bei)采用變(bian)頻啟(qi)(qi)動或軟啟(qi)(qi)動方式，來減少對電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)。二是(shi)大功(gong)率設備(bei)(bei)盡量采用高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)機，以(yi)優化(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)質量。三是(shi)對個別大功(gong)率設備(bei)(bei)，采用單獨無(wu)功(gong)補償裝(zhuang)置穩(wen)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。
3.低壓(ya)側電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)動可分為電(dian)(dian)纜出(chu)線(xian)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不穩(wen)定(ding)、設備入線(xian)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不穩(wen)定(ding)和(he)低壓(ya)母線(xian)上電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不穩(wen)定(ding)。
電纜出線端和設備(bei)入線端電壓(ya)不穩(wen)定(ding)原因分(fen)析。原因之一是外接負(fu)載功率較大導致(zhi)的(de)啟(qi)動電流沖擊。解決方(fang)法是優化設備(bei)啟(qi)動方(fang)式(shi)。
一是對(dui)大功率設備采(cai)用變頻啟(qi)動(dong)或軟啟(qi)動(dong)方式，來減少(shao)對(dui)電(dian)網(wang)的沖擊。
二是大功率設備盡量(liang)采(cai)用高壓電(dian)機，以(yi)優化電(dian)能(neng)質量(liang)。
三是(shi)對個別設備(bei)采用單獨(du)無功(gong)補(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置穩定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。原因之二是(shi)傳輸過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)存在問題。解決方法如(ru)下：一(yi)是(shi)檢查電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜是(shi)否(fou)存在電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜破損等質量(liang)問題，如(ru)有則更換電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，如(ru)非質量(liang)問題則存在電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜選型問題，應重新(xin)計算電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜壓(ya)降(jiang)，從配電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜出線端到設備(bei)進(jin)線口(kou)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜壓(ya)降(jiang)，看是(shi)否(fou)超過(guo)(guo)了(le)5%，如(ru)果(guo)超過(guo)(guo)了(le)，要(yao)更換大一(yi)級的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜來進(jin)行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)傳輸。
