2018年中國電線電纜行業發展會呈什么態勢

來源：金環宇電線電纜發布日(ri)期：2018-03-13 16:45

電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)是我國(guo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)建設(she)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)套(tao)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，廣泛應(ying)用于(yu)國(guo)民經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)各個(ge)領域，電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)是輸送電(dian)(dian)(dian)能、傳(chuan)遞信(xin)息(xi)和制造各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)、儀表、汽車、機(ji)床等(deng)設(she)備所不可缺少(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)器(qi)材，電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和通信(xin)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提供基礎(chu)設(she)施，占(zhan)據著中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)四(si)分之一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)值(zhi)，是機(ji)械(xie)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中僅次(ci)于(yu)汽車行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第二大(da)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，在國(guo)民經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)中占(zhan)據重要地位。近年來，我國(guo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)持續(xu)快速發展，城(cheng)市化進程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推進，大(da)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)站、西電(dian)(dian)(dian)東送、電(dian)(dian)(dian)網改造等(deng)重大(da)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設(she)，都(dou)預示(shi)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)具有較(jiao)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景氣周期(qi)，因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)也隨之將保持較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增長速度。

中國電線電纜(lan)的發(fa)展現狀

電線電纜制造業在電工電器行業20多個細分行業中是產值最大的行業，占據四分之一的產值規模。中國電線電纜行業的發展呈現兩個特點：從總體上來講，電線電纜行業整體規模在增長;從結構細分上來講，電力電纜占電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行業的(de)比(bi)重不斷加大(da)，電(dian)力電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)市(shi)場空間仍然(ran)比(bi)較樂觀。隨著(zhu)中國(guo)電(dian)力、石油、化工(gong)、城(cheng)市(shi)軌道交通、汽車以及造船等行業快速發(fa)展和規(gui)模(mo)的(de)不斷擴大(da)，特別(bie)是電(dian)網改造加快、特高壓工(gong)程相繼投入(ru)建(jian)設，電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行業規(gui)模(mo)增(zeng)長迅速，2006年(nian)-2010年(nian)平(ping)均增(zeng)長速度(du)為27.62%，遠遠超過GDP增(zeng)長速度(du)。電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)制(zhi)造業工(gong)業總(zong)產(chan)值已(yi)(yi)從2006年(nian)的(de)4,131.61億元上升為2010年(nian)的(de)9,255多億元。我(wo)國(guo)已(yi)(yi)經成為全球電(dian)線(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)制(zhi)造規(gui)模(mo)、市(shi)場消費規(gui)模(mo)最大(da)的(de)國(guo)家。

近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)我(wo)國(guo)電線電纜制造業工業總(zong)產值占GDP的(de)比重逐年(nian)(nian)上升，2007年(nian)(nian)突(tu)破(po)2%，2009年(nian)(nian)受國(guo)際金融危機影響有所下降，截(jie)止2010年(nian)(nian)底(di)，這一(yi)比例達到2.31%的(de)水平，電線電纜行業在國(guo)民經濟(ji)中的(de)地位越來(lai)越重要。

我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)企(qi)業數量多且(qie)規模(mo)小，行(xing)業集中度(du)較低。其(qi)表現為：中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行(xing)業內的(de)大小企(qi)業達(da)9,000多家(jia)之多;2010年全(quan)國(guo)4,765家(jia)規模(mo)以上(shang) (500萬及以上(shang))電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)企(qi)業中，29家(jia)大型(xing)企(qi)業市(shi)場占有率(lv)僅(jin)有14%。這種高度(du)分散化的(de)格局，不僅(jin)很難(nan)取得規模(mo)經(jing)濟效益(yi)，而且(qie)也加劇了生產能力過剩和市(shi)場的(de)過度(du)競爭狀況(kuang)。

我國電(dian)線電(dian)纜行(xing)業(ye)中企(qi)業(ye)的區(qu)(qu)域分布(bu)性也非常(chang)明顯，主要集中在(zai)華東、華中以及華北(bei)地(di)區(qu)(qu)，而中西部地(di)區(qu)(qu)比重較(jiao)小。其中華東地(di)區(qu)(qu)電(dian)纜產業(ye)最為突出，占據行(xing)業(ye)的半壁江山(shan)，在(zai)規模實力(li)和(he)收入效(xiao)益等方面(mian)相對具有較(jiao)明顯的優勢。

我國電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)本結(jie)構日趨(qu)多元化，國有、國有控股(gu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)地(di)位弱化，民(min)(min)營、外資(zi)比例明顯增加，在中(zhong)(zhong)低壓電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)生產(chan)(chan)領域，國內民(min)(min)營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)已成(cheng)為行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)主導力(li)(li)量(liang)。根(gen)據2010年(nian)的(de)統(tong)計結(jie)果(guo)，電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)私人控股(gu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所占(zhan)的(de)產(chan)(chan)值份額(e)(e)為69%，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)量(liang)占(zhan)比為75%，從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人員占(zhan)比為55%，利稅占(zhan)比達 71%。應用(yong)電(dian)線電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)大型工程(cheng)一(yi)般都(dou)采(cai)用(yong)招(zhao)投標方式確定(ding)供應商(shang)，外資(zi)大型電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)因其技(ji)術方面的(de)優勢，在部分行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)競爭中(zhong)(zhong)仍處(chu)于有利地(di)位，同時(shi)民(min)(min)營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)憑借技(ji)術創新、成(cheng)本優勢、機(ji)制(zhi)靈活，市場(chang)份額(e)(e)逐步提升，民(min)(min)營經濟(ji)力(li)(li)量(liang)不斷壯大推(tui)動(dong)了(le)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內市場(chang)化運作機(ji)制(zhi)。

國(guo)內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)產(chan)業產(chan)品(pin)結構中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣裝備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、繞組(zu)線(xian)占(zhan)主(zhu)要部分(fen)，并主(zhu)要應用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力、通信(xin)、建筑、交通、汽(qi)車、船舶(bo)、家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等主(zhu)要領域。以導體(ti)用量(liang)為表征的我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)產(chan)品(pin)大類構成中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣裝備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)、繞組(zu)線(xian)用銅(tong)量(liang)占(zhan)全部行業用銅(tong)量(liang)的89.00%，通信(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等產(chan)品(pin)類的用銅(tong)量(liang)較低(di)。

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